The No child Left Behind Statute Free Essays

Popular Muffins free essay sample

Biscuits are Popular Muffins were created in the United States of America in the eighteenth century and have been eaten everywhere throughout the world from that point onward. Biscuits are anything but difficult to make; they are made in most bread shop and are sold in many grocery stores. Biscuits are can have an assortment of flavors and garnishes. This article will examine why biscuits might be unfortunate and how they can be made solid. This passage will take a gander at how biscuits might be unfortunate. The essential elements for biscuits are flour, spread, eggs, preparing powder and sugar. Similar fixings are utilized to make a fundamental cake. Biscuits are basically cake in mask; biscuits accordingly contain a great deal of sugar and fat. The quantity of calories in biscuits ranges from 350-550 with practically 50% of these calories originating from fat. The flour utilized in biscuits is normally white flour or white refined flour; these kinds of flour have been deprived of practically the entirety of their dietary benefit, bringing about it containing almost no fiber. We will compose a custom paper test on Well known Muffins or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the point when white flour, white refined flour or sugar (all fixings in biscuits) are expended, the body quickly separates it into glucose, which hurries into the circulatory system and goes to the cells dreadfully rapidly. This is what is known as the â€Å"sugar rush†. In a frenzy, the pancreas dumps abundance insulin into the circulatory system, racing to the cell receptors to assist them with changing over the over-burden of sugar, which it mostly does, yet not long after the glucose plunges once more. Now, a great many people will ache for desserts or bread or grain and obviously this spikes the (glucose) back up and the pancreas dumps more insulin into the circulatory system and the cycle proceeds. Sugar in the biscuit additionally incidentally raises the degree of specific synapses including dopamine and serotonin just as expanding calcium discharge. The margarine in biscuits likewise causes issues when alluding to the wholesome substance of the biscuit as it is incredibly high in soaked fat. The utilization of a lot of soaked fat causes elevated cholesterol and heart issues; fat is the littlest part on the Eat Well Plate. Hoverer, the fixings talked about above are only the fundamental elements of a biscuit, fillings are additionally added to the elements of a biscuit, for example, chocolate or natural product. The kind of the biscuit additionally influences the healthy benefit of the biscuit †putting a bunch of chocolate pieces into the biscuit blend will build: the quantity of calories; the substance of soaked fat and the substance of sugar. Be that as it may, by placing a bunch of raisins into the blend the measure of potassium and fiber in the biscuit increments with no additional fat. This passage will talk about how biscuits can be made more beneficial. Entire wheat flour can be fill in for 50 percent of the white flour without hurting the taste or surface of the biscuit. Margarine and low fat delicate spreads can be utilized as a substitute for spread this can make the biscuit more beneficial by bringing down the measure of soaked and trans fat in the biscuit. Canola oil can likewise be utilized as a substitute for better, particularly when attempting to keep entire wheat biscuits wet †it additionally has a nonpartisan flavor so doesn’t diminish different flavors in the biscuit. Including organic product, nuts and dried natural product to the biscuit blend implies that the measure of sugar added to the blend can be diminished by up to 25 percent as they contain normally happening sugars. They additionally give the biscuit additional fiber and significant supplements. As biscuits depend on sodium based raising operators, for example, preparing powder, an approach to control the measure of sodium in a biscuit is to abstain from placing cheddar in the biscuit blend ,as it is high in sodium and utilize nuts, natural products, cinnamon and vanilla enhancing.

The Sample Outline of an Essay on the Issue of Marijuana Should Marijuana Be Legalized?

The Sample Outline of an Essay on the Issue of Marijuana Should Marijuana Be Legalized?The sample outline of an essay on the issue of marijuana should be used as a guide, not as a prescription. The best way to get around this problem is to go through a sample outline with your professor and then develop a way to adapt the ideas into your own essay. Also, since a summary of the student's essay should take up about half of the grade, use the outline as a tool for summarizing your points. In other words, you will need to find your own way to describe your central point, which will require you to apply certain themes and principles of analysis that the sample outline may have provided.A sample outline should not be the basis for your writing. In fact, it should not be considered as such either. However, when you make use of the sample outline as a guide, it can assist you in putting down your thoughts in a clearer form. This will ensure that your writing will have more meaning and you wi ll be able to understand better the issues that you are dealing with in your essay.An outline of an essay on the issue of marijuana is not a substitute for your own independent research. It is however, one of the tools that can be used to help your research efforts. Writing is based on research, and if you write without researching the topic you will likely write badly. It is therefore a good idea to read a sample outline before you start the task of writing the final draft. This will enable you to determine the kind of theme you would like to use in your own essay.Academic research is also important because you will need to provide supporting evidence to support your thesis statement. What is often missing from academic writing is that kind of evidence. On the other hand, by learning how to use samples you will be able to provide sufficient proof to justify your main points.You should always begin by reading through the sample outline. This will allow you to see what kind of struct ure you should follow in your own work. After all, many of the sample outlines can be adapted to fit the main arguments of the thesis statement. So even if your own outline does not meet the requirements of all people, the outline that you could have read will most probably match what they need.You should also read through the art review. This will give you a good idea of what the narq reviews for college and university courses are. You should also seek help from your professor if there is one. There are usually different opinions on these topics, and it is important to know what others are saying. It is even more important to obtain feedback on the narq reviews, since they may not cover all areas of the narq spectrum.The point that I am trying to make is that when it comes to academic proof, you should only use the samples that your professor will supply. And the samples should never be used to formulate your own argument, since this will cause confusion and will also make it easie r for you to argue with your professor. Use the sample outline as a guide and then make your own argument based on what you have learned from the outline.If marijuana were legalized in all states, would you feel that it was the right thing to do? Consider all of the factors and draw your own conclusions. Learn how to make your own conclusions and how to discuss the pros and cons of legalizing marijuana. When you get the hang of it, you will be ready to present a convincing argument to your professor.

The Death Penalty And Its Origins - 1753 Words

The Death Penalty and its origins go as far back as the Ancient Laws of China, the death penalty traces back to the 16th century B.C. briefly notifying a key role player into the establishment of the death penalty, King Hammurabi of Babylon codified the death penalty and put his code into action for a series of twenty-five different crimes. The first sentencing of someone being put to death was recorded around the 16th century BC in Egypt; the wrongdoer was convicted and put to the death for the practicing of sorcery. In the year of 1980 the abolitionist people of the United States was greatly disappointed due to the long well-justified period of almost abolishing the death penalty for good. (Block, 12-14). During this period of time the United States was leaning towards an abolition mind set of running the country. Giving the abolitionist premature hope by releasing death row inmates throughout the country, really caused a stir in the hearts of the retentionist. A well plotted socie ty where the death penalty will no longer be a punishment in (capital) punishment was almost put into action, until the judiciary began to step back from the viewpoints of the abolitionist. The Courts of the United States began restoring the death penalty into their acts as a way of punishment due the fear of no proportional punishment being established. The states that abolished the death penalty began restoring it such as: Oregon, New Mexico, Massachusetts and Ohio; with these statesShow MoreRelatedDeath Of The Death Penalty1517 Words   |  7 PagesDeath, a word of sorrow, of pain, and of joy. Death happens to everyone eventually but what if it wasn’t your choice? What if someone else held your life in their hands? The Death Penalty dates back as far as the Eighteenth Century B.C under the ruling of King Hammurabi of Babylon(DPIC Staff). He was the first noted person to begin using the death penalty. The origin of death revolved around him and now the people of today fe el that they are able to dictate how people die. Death is a prize to themRead MoreSentencing Guilty Verdict1067 Words   |  4 PagesI. Introduction Sentencing is defined as the penalty phase which follows a guilty verdict levied for a criminal act (The Free Dictionary, 2014). Sentencing attempts to accomplish four goals: a. Punishment b. Incapacitation c. Deterrence d. Rehabilitation (Renter, 2008) When imposing legal sanctions we must consider the criminal act committed. The importance of this consideration lies in fact that the punishment should fit the crime. We would not want to sentence a child to life imprisonment forRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Criminal Justice System1204 Words   |  5 Pagesstereotypes and encourages discrimination. Examining cases that have occurred in the past and most recently help us fully understand this issue. Many studies and reports of racial profiling involve excessive use of force, police brutality, imposition of death penalty, traffic stops, stop and frisk issues, airport screening and immigration. All these issues are fully expressed in this paper. This paper offers facts and statistics as evidence of the existence of racial profiling in the criminal justice systemRead MoreCrime And The Death Penalty1138 Words   |  5 Pagesactivity that is not really illegal, but considered to be wrong. Committing crimes is hurtful to the one com mitting crime and the victim of the crime. This research paper consists of reasons and a further in cite on juveniles being sentenced to the death penalty. Everyone feels bad for children, because they are posed as innocent. They don’t seem that innocent when they commit a heinous crime. The research will include the factors that relate to juveniles committing crime, references to views from scholarsRead More death penalty Essay1215 Words   |  5 Pages Death penalty Is it violation of human rights? Mohammad Towhidul Islam Though the modern world is very sympathetic to the concept of human rights issues, death penalty as a form of capital punishment has still been in practice in the world. During 2001, at least 3048 people were executed in 31 countries as well as at least 5265 people were sentenced to death in 68 countries. It is very interesting to see that some advanced countries, which are pioneer to the protection and promotionRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is One Of The World s Oldest Criminal Punishments1267 Words   |  6 PagesConnor Judd Death Penalty research paper Introduction The death penalty is one of the world’s oldest criminal punishments. It has been used as far back as Eighteenth Century B.C when it was specified in the Code of King Hammurabi of Babylon. By the 1700’s, the death penalty became very popular in Great Britain, as over 200 crimes were punishable by death. American colonists eventually brought the death penalty over to the new world as many of their original laws were influenced by their BritishRead MoreThe Death Penalty Throughout History1074 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper explores how society has influenced the development of the death penalty throughout history. It begins with a brief explanation of the origins of capital punishment, referencing the first known documentation of actions punishable by death. The paper goes on to explore different methods of execution and how they have progressed and changed over the years. Documented cases at different points of history are referenced to show the relationship of time per iods and beliefs to the implementationRead MoreEssay on The Death Penalty Is A Necessary Evil1099 Words   |  5 PagesThe death penalty is a necessary evil that has a positive effect on society today. It is an effective deterrent of crime as well as a safeguard for society. It also helps to keep order in our cities. It is a just and effective punishment for those who have committed crimes heinous enough to deserve death. The death penalty is not a new idea in our world. Its origins date back over 3,700 years to the Babylonian civilization, where it was prescribed for a variety of crimes. (Capital PunishmentRead MoreCapital Punishment : The Death Penalty965 Words   |  4 PagesBritannica Online (2016), capital punishment, generally known as death penalty, is the ‘execution of an offender sentenced to death after conviction by a court of law of a criminal offense . In short, it is a legally sanctioned and administered punishment for capital criminals by forfeiture of life. To this date, bounded by four influential international protocols that proclaim the abolition and forbid the reintroduction of death penalty, more than half of the nations in the world has prohibited, orRead MoreDeath Penalty Pros And Cons1501 Words   |  7 Pagesthis research paper discussed will be the origin, what crimes warrant the death penalty. What laws have the Supreme Court recognized that warrant the death penalty as being cruel and unusual punishment. What are the pros and cons of the death penalty, death penalty vs. life incarceration from a financial standpo int, the death penalty is it a deterrent where crime is concerned, states that have the death penalty, the state with the highest number of death row inmates the state with the lowest, mentally

`` America The Beautiful, But Who Are You Beautiful For

â€Å"America the Beautiful, but who are you beautiful for?† echoes across the room, a student attending public school in South Bronx shared this two-line poem with her class as part of an assignment that her English teacher assigned. The objective: a letter to be shared with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. This story along with many others is found within the pages of Savage Inequalities. Jonathan Kozol is best known for his social activism in the education realm and providing a voice for the voiceless. Kozol spent much of his life as an educator, now in his 80s; Kozol continues to provide awareness to Americans through his timeless writings. One, in particular, Savage Inequalities: Children in America’s Schools. In his exploration, Kozol†¦show more content†¦He references that â€Å"separate but equal† has lost meaning, and that students in inner-city communities see first hand their equalities do in part to the socio-economic makeup of the world around them. Kozol argues that during the Reagan era of economics, poor and often-black students are the ones fighting for social policies that for many decades have been denied to them. Kozol begins with the examination of life in East St. Louis. All throughout this portion, he draws back on the notion that the schools in which he visited were depressing in nature, examples of this include; barbed wire fences leading up to the school, steel covered windows, and drug-free police patrol greet students every morning (Kozol, 1991). The concept of school zones are referred to as death zones in the neighbors surrounding East St. Louis, some research indicates that as much as one-third of the population lives on $7,500 a year. The racial makeup is 98% black, the community in East St. Louis has no means of garbage disposal and live in one of the heaviest polluted areas. Kozol interviewed students in the school district and asked them when school began, four students responded with answers that varied so significantly, no one was able to figure out the time for which school was actually supposed to begin at. In the communities of East St. Louis, four of every five births are had to single mothers. He mentions that the nicest buildings he saw while visiting wereShow MoreRelatedBeauty of America1304 Words   |  5 PagesThe Beauty of America Do you think there is such thing as real beauty or is it just an idea created by society? We believe that beauty is one way and that if you do not follow or fit the criteria, then you are not beautiful because you don’t meet the standards. Media gives us their view of what beauty is and how to define it. The media influences what beauty is but then the media’s view of beauty is not the only one. What we seem to think beauty is, is something that we want to have or want to beRead MoreWhat Makes A Person Beautiful?1714 Words   |  7 Pageswhat a person looks like than what they actually do for society. What makes someone beautiful is what they have on the inside and who they are. Qualities that beautiful people have are: kindness, honesty, respect, confidence, generosity, positivity, and willingness to help others when they are in need. Society diminishes this ideal by telling people what is and what is not beautiful. What should make a person beautiful is how they tre at people, their poise, and how they give back to the community. Read MoreSocietal Standards Of Female Beauty1282 Words   |  6 Pagesadvertisements there wouldn t be an exact focus on beauty standards.. People would have the freedom to choose what they like and what they consider beautiful instead of following the crowd. â€Å"Sociocultural standards of female beauty are in every aspect of popular media. Mass media s use of unrealistic models sends the message that in order for a woman to be beautiful, she must be unhealthy. Women are negatively affected by the constant exposure to unrealistic media ideas of beauty†(Serdar 1). Because womenRead MoreAnalysis Of America The Beautiful By Ray Charles791 Words   |  4 PagesThis obvious song choice, one that was considered for the national anthem, was not selected for its plain spoken lines, but for the singer. America the Beautiful, sung by Ray Charles, is more than transparent lyrics; It is about a story and soulfulness. Wr itten in 1893 by Wellesley college professor, Katharine Lee Bates,America The Beautiful was conceived as a poem. Ray Charles’ rendition of the poem was turned into a unique and historic song, one of his most memorable hits. Since the creation ofRead MoreFemale Beauty Pageants Essay example1034 Words   |  5 Pagesgirls dream to become Miss U.S.A or Miss World. It seems to give the idea that you have to be beautiful and be up to the judges expectations of how a beauty queen should act and looks like.   They have a negative effect on the people in today’s society especially the younger female population. The females can develop insecurity problems and low confidence due to the fact they did not win a competition and not feel â€Å"beautiful† as the title of a â€Å"Beauty† Pageant. Children female beauty pageants suchRead MoreFootball Commercials1011 Words   |  5 Pagesmuch controversy. Coca Cola took a unique take on the classic â€Å"America the Beautiful† song that has caused quite an uproar regarding prejudice, discrimination, and ethnicity in America. The ad opens with â€Å"America the Beautiful† being sung in English while every few seconds after that the song changes to a different language. It depicts children, teenagers, and adults of all cultures enjoying the adventures and combined principles of America, while essentially being brought together by Coca Cola. â€Å"TheRead MoreBeauty Industry Has A Big Impact On Females And Males1416 Words   |  6 Pagesmultitude of factors. From the color of a person s skin, to their eyes, to even their heart. There are beauty standards, but there are diversities between what s the â€Å"official† standard and what individuals think is beautiful. Everyone see things in a different light and America s beauty standards are no different. The beauty industry has a big impact on females and males. American’s perception of beauty is altered in many different ways based on the culture, skin color, and influences. The beautyRead MoreThe Super Bowl1222 Words   |  5 Page s2014 the record of the most watched TV program in United States history was broken by Super Bowl XLVIII with 112.2 million viewers (MarketingCharts). The Super Bowl is the championship game of the National Football League. Football is considered Americas favorite past time from throwing the pig skin after thanksgiving dinner to watching the NFL. The Super Bowl has also become popular for its half time advertisement run, with some people only watching during the half time advertisement run. Like manyRead MoreEssay on Media Studies Dove1656 Words   |  7 Pages1950s which was the Dove cleansing bar. There products continued to grow, Dove provides a wide range of cleaning and personal care products and hair care products. Dove believes that all women over the world young and old should be beautiful, also for women to feel beautiful every day and to take good care of themselves. One of Dove statements is that women are † Honest and open-minded, beauty comes in every shape, size, colour and age† Dove Pro-Age Campaign The Dove Pro-age campaign was releasedRead MoreCoca Cola s Influence On The Global Community1221 Words   |  5 Pagesother cultures and has immersed itself into the international to become a household word. This ads analysis will include the history, five senses, United States message, and the world’s message. Coca-Cola’s brief history started with John S. Pemberton who created Coca-Cola and served it at the local pharmacy. Jacob’s Pharmacy sold around nine drinks a day for the entire first year. Coca-Cola was named by Frank Robinson the accountant of the company. He believed that the two C’s would someday become a

Frankenstein Morality Essay Example For Students

Frankenstein Morality Essay People, honored by people, have questioned it and revered since the beginning oftime. Yet even today not one person can say what is morally right. It is amatter of opinion. It was Dr. Victor Frankensteins opinion that it was alrightto create a monster. Frankensteins creation needed a companion. Knowing that his first creation was evil should the doctor make a second? Withthe knowledge at hand, to Dr. Frankenstein, it is not at all morally correct tobring another monster into the world. Looking at this problem with his family inmind, the doctor begins his work on the second monster. The first monsterthreatened Frankenstein and even his family. The monster angrily said toFrankenstein, I can make you so wretched. (pg. 162) Trying to scareFrankenstein for not creating his mate the monster resorted to threats. If thegood doctor does create a companion for his first creation he may be endangeringothers. The miserable monster whom I had created, (pg.152) saysVictor upon looking back at his work. If there is another monster there will betwice the power and possibly twice the evil, which could hurt or kill hisfamily. When and if Frankenstein commits the moral sin of creating anothermonster he may be rid of both monsters forever. With the companion youbestow I will quit the neighborh ood of man,(pg 142) promises the morallycorrupt monster to the doctor upon the completion of his partner. When thedoctor, if and when he, finished his first creations mate there is a chancethat the monsters will not keep their promise and stay in Europe evoking fearinto town folk. The good doctor, trying to act morally, destroys the monster forthe good of the world. The monsters can potentially take over whatever theyplease. A race of devils would be propagated,(pg. 163) thinksFrankenstein to himself in his study. The monsters, if powerful enough, couldpossibly take over Europe. Frankenstein realizes that he cannot possibly doomthe world to benefit himself. Shall I, in cold blood, set loose upon theearth a daemon..(pg. 162) argues Frankenstein with his creation. It is notmorally right for one person to unleash such a terror on the world to benefitonly himself and his family. Frankenstein will not let any example change hismind on the point that the monster is and will always be mora lly corrupt. Continuing on his point that the monster was too evil to duplicate, Frankensteinsays, Your threats cannot move me to do an act of wickedness; but theyconfirm me in determination of not creating you a companion in vice.( pg. 163) Frankenstein will not sacrifice his morality because of persuasion from amonster. Although beholding the threat of death and misery Frankenstein held hisground and did not sacrifice his moral. When and if Frankenstein creates anothermonster he cannot feel as if he has done the morally right thing. From creatingthe monster Frankenstein will some how be making people other than himselfunhappy. I consent to your demand, on your solemn oath to quite Europeforever, and every other place in the neighborhood of man,(pg. 143) saysFrankenstein as he sees the power that the two could possibly possess. The gooddoctor sees that with his own hands he could possibly scar the world forever. The doctor wants, if anyone, himself to be unhappy instead of all of mankind. Begone! I do break my promise, (pg. 162) states the doctor angrily. Not thinking about himself but the world unselfishly breaks his promise to themonster. Possessing such a great mind the doctor is able to realize that agreater evil will be released upon the earth then upon himself. Yourthreats cannot move me to do an act of wickedness,(pg. 162) says thedoctor as he argues his point with his creation. The doctor sees that a greaterand more horrible result can come from him making the second monster than not. .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad , .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad .postImageUrl , .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad , .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad:hover , .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad:visited , .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad:active { border:0!important; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad:active , .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua0ffc0a8c753afe953d24c9ad92c07ad:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Was the U.S. Right or Wrong Using the Atomic Bomb EssayWith the knowledge at hand, to Dr.Frankenstein, it is not at all morally correctto bring another monster into the world. On the one hand if the second monsterwas created Frankensteins family would be saved. By the same token the rest ofthe world could be forced to bow before two hideous monsters. The problem,making or not making the second monster, played heavily on Frankensteins mind,possibly caused his brief lapse into the realm of the insane. Even thoughFrankenstein began his work for the good of man

Ottoman Empire Focus On S Essays - , Term Papers

Ottoman Empire Focus On S annon By the 16th century, the vast and mighty empire of the Ottomans had reached the zenith of its power. The lands under Ottoman rule stretched from the heart of Central Europe to the deserts of Arabia. In nearly every respect, the Ottoman Empire was strong and well-organized. As such, it comes as no surprise that the people under Ottoman rule were organized in a neat power structure as well. From the royal Sultan to the villagers in the rayyah class, the people of the Empire each had a unique position in Ottoman society. At the very top of the pyramidal societal structure was the Sultan, absolute commander of all, and executor of decisions concerning politics and state wealth (for the purposes of serving the state's interests). A step below the Sultan were a small group of wealthy, esteemed leaders, who were ascribed special status because they were essentially the Sultan's slaves. The main duties of this select little group were to protect and enlarge the financial assets of the state for the benefit of the Sultan and the Empire. These leaders also ruled and defended the far-flung Ottoman Empire. While the Sultan invested wealth and the leaders protected it, the majority of commoners, the rayyahs, had the task of actually producing the wealth. The rayyahs had to pay part of their profits from industry, commerce, and farming to the state in the form of taxes. Townsfolk, villagers, and pastoral peoples made up the eclectic mix of the rayyah class. The word rayyah literally translates into the protected flock of the Sultan. While Ottoman society was clearly divided into distinct social classes, these classes were neither closed nor confining, meaning that with the proper attributes and luck, a man could raise his social status. For example, to be a member of the small ruling class below the Sultan, one had to possess the following three qualities: - deep-rooted patriotism and loyalty for the Empire and the Sultan. - acceptance and practice of Islam, which was integrated into the Ottoman lifestyle. - knowledge and practice of the Ottoman Way, which consisted of complex customs, behavior, and language. If a rayyah possessed these qualities, he had a chance of becoming one of the numbered leaders. On the other hand, if a leader appeared to be lacking one or more of these qualities, he could just as easily be removed from his position and sink to being a rayyah again. The shaping force behind the Ottoman Empire was most definitely the religion of Islam. As a result, religion became a foremost guiding factor in people's lives. To maintain religious harmony and unity among the diverse Muslim and non-Muslim sects of the Empire, the rayyah class were given the right to organize themselves as they wished. What happened next is that people gravitated towards religion-dictated groups. The people of each important religion and/or sect organized themselves into self-centered, self-governing communities called millets. Millets were like mini-states, that regulated smaller civic matters such as marriages, deaths, etc. In a sense, the Ottoman Empire was like the United States is today; a powerful federal government that ruled from the seat of power in Istanbul, while millet state governments ruled over their small vicinities. The significance of millets is that they kept diverse peoples from clashing too much, since each cultural/religious group maintained a dignified distance from each other. This is not to say that the populace of the Ottoman Empire could not get along together though. The people of the Ottoman Empire were united through other common interests, morals, and ideals, as well as by an overwhelming unanimous loyalty to the Sultan himself. Such was the harmonious and organized society of the Ottoman Empire, the huge empire that left its mark on Turkey - and the world - forever. Neatly categorized into unique positions, each individual in the Ottoman Empire had his or her own part to play in society, a role to fulfill in order to contribute to the overall success of the state.